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Bayesian Data Synthesis and Disclosure Risk Quantification: An Application to the Consumer Expenditure Surveys
Jingchen Hu(a),(*), Terrance D. Savitsky(b)
Transactions on Data Privacy 16:2 (2023) 83 - 121
Abstract, PDF
(a) Vassar College, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Box 27, 124 Raymond Ave, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604.
(b) Office of Survey Methods Research, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2 Massachusetts Ave NE, Washington, DC 20212.
e-mail:jihu @vassar.edu; Savitsky.Terrance @bls.gov
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Abstract
The release of synthetic data generated from a model estimated on the data helps statistical agencies disseminate respondent-level data with high utility and privacy protection. Motivated by the challenge of disseminating sensitive variables containing geographic information in the Consumer Expenditure Surveys (CE) at the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, we propose two non-parametric Bayesian models as data synthesizers for the county identifier of each data record: a Bayesian latent class model and a Bayesian areal model. Both data synthesizers use Dirichlet Process priors to cluster observations of similar characteristics and allow borrowing information across observations. We develop innovative disclosure risks measures to quantify inherent risks in the confidential CE data and how those data risks are ameliorated by our proposed synthesizers. By creating a lower bound and an upper bound of disclosure risks under a minimum and a maximum disclosure risks scenarios respectively, our proposed inherent risks measures provide a range of acceptable disclosure risks for evaluating risk level in the synthetic datasets.
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